Sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are two ingredients used to turn oils and fats into soap. Sodium hydroxide is normally used to make bar soaps. Potassium hydroxide is normally used to make liquid soaps. Both are extremely corrosive and must be handled and stored with care. Both sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide come in bead form, flake form, or liquid form. Most soap recipes call for bead form, and this is the easiest to handle. When storing your sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide be sure to store them in air tight containers in a cool, dry place.

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Having the right equipment will make a huge difference in the quality of the products you make. Here is a list of items to consider when selecting equipment for making bath and body care products:

A Scale For Tiny Amounts
A good scale is important for measuring ingredients by weight. If you are weighing ingredients in tiny amounts, you might want to consider a scale that measures in increments of 0.1 g.

pH Strips and Meters
The “pH” of a solution is a measure of acidity or alkalinity, an important measurement when making some cosmetic products. To measure pH you can either use pH strips, or a pH meter (which is more accurate). If you choose a pH meter, you will need to calibrate it. You can use a pH buffer for this. If you want to get fancy you might consider a waterproof pH tester .

Measuring Liquids
Consider using beakers, flasks, and cylinders when measuring liquid ingredients. You can purchase these individually or in sets. A flask brush will help you clean your glassware.

Safety Equipment
Don’t forget to protect yourself. When making your soaps and cosmetic creations be sure to wear safety goggles, an apron, and gloves.